Immune Essentials™ Daily 120 Caps Long-Term Immune Support*

Take two capsules daily, or use as directed by your healthcare professional.

Consult your healthcare professional prior to use. Individuals taking medication should discuss potential interactions with their healthcare professional. Not recommended for use during pregnancy, during lactation, or when trying to conceive. Do not use if tamper seal is damaged.

Keep closed in a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Wheat, gluten, yeast, soy, dairy products, fish, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, egg, sesame, ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs), artificial colors, artificial sweeteners, and artificial preservatives.

Capsule (hypromellose and water), ascorbyl palmitate, and silica.

Immune Essentials™ Daily is a blend of nutrients vital to overall

efficient immune system function that also promotes respiratory health.

These gentle yet effective ingredients can be taken daily to sustain

immune and antioxidant defenses without being overstimulating.*

Available in 120 capsules

Discussion

N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) has direct antioxidant activities and is a

precursor to glutathione biosynthesis.1,2 Low glutathione levels are implicated

in immune dysregulation—particularly T cell–mediated functions—and

replenishing antioxidants may be critical in normalizing immune function.3

Oral administration of 600 mg of NAC twice daily for 6 months to seniors

(N = 262) shifted immune function from anergy to normoergy, improving

cell-mediated immunity.4 In vitro research showed that NAC inhibits NF-κB,

viral replication, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which all

contribute to illness severity.3 NAC is also a mucolytic agent that decreases

mucus viscosity and facilitates its clearance by hydrolyzing the disulfide bonds

of mucus proteins.2 In various animal models, NAC protected against

cytokine-induced structural and functional lung changes, decreased lung

cellular senescence, and restored pulmonary function.*2

Quercetin is a phytochemical belonging to the flavonoid class of polyphenols

and is well-known for its free radical scavenging activities. In vitro and in vivo

study results have demonstrated multiple activities of quercetin within the

immune system, including suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory

enzymes and mediators (eg, LOX, COX, TNF-α, IL-8, and NF-κB), altering

Th1/Th2 differentiation, inhibiting mast cell degranulation, reducing eosinophil

recruitment, and affecting the cell wall integrity and adhesion capabilities

of microorganisms.5-7 Additionally, quercetin affects microbial virulence, cell

entry, and replication.8 Regarding respiratory function, quercetin inhibits

histamine and leukotriene release from mast cells and has been studied

extensively concerning immune reactivity within the airways.*7,9

Zinc homeostasis is essential for multiple aspects of a healthy immune

system, including immune cell development and differentiation and immune

cell signaling within the innate and adaptive systems.10 Cellular activities,

including inhibiting NF-ĸB, modulating T-cell function and cytokine production,

and improving mucociliary clearance and barrier function of the respiratory

epithelium, make zinc a nutrient of interest for immune challenges.11 Zinc

also helps protect cells from oxidative stress by increasing glutathione

biosynthesis and serving as a cofactor in antioxidant enzymes.12 Human

studies demonstrate that zinc bisglycinate increases zinc blood and plasma

levels more effectively than gluconate, picolinate, or oxide forms.*13-15

Vitamin A plays crucial roles in the growth, maintenance, and integrity of

epithelial and mucous tissues lining the respiratory and GI systems, making it

an important part of the mucus layer, where it promotes mucin secretion and

supports nonspecific immunity.16 Retinoic acid, a major oxidative metabolite of

vitamin A, has broad hormone-like activities and binds to nuclear receptors to

exert potent and specific immunomodulatory effects.*17

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant and cofactor in gene regulatory enzymes

with essential roles in immune support. Vitamin C accumulates in immune

cells and contributes to cellular functions of both the innate and adaptive

immune systems.18 The use of vitamin C in the range of 100 to 200 mg/d

optimizes cell and tissue levels for prophylaxis.18 In patients with acute

immune-related respiratory challenges, administration of low-dose

vitamin C (200 mg/d) substantially increased plasma and white cell vitamin C

concentrations, and patients made significantly better clinical progress than

their placebo counterparts.19 Coadministration of quercetin and vitamin C

supports synergistic immunomodulatory effects, and vitamin C has a role in

quercetin recycling.*8

Vitamin D modulates immune function by regulating nuclear transcription

factors (eg, NF-κB) and directly binding to vitamin D–responsive sites on gene

promoters that influence cytokine production and immune cell activities.20

Vitamin D deficiency is common and widespread, and low blood levels

correlate with lowered immunity, increased susceptibility to immune-related

respiratory tract challenges, and increased symptom severity.21 In a systematic

review and meta-analysis of individual participant data (N = 10,933) from

randomized controlled trials, vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced

the risk of acute respiratory tract infection among all participants. In subgroup

analysis, the protective effects were seen in those receiving daily (7.5-100

mcg) or weekly (35 mcg) vitamin D.*22